Rejecting the offers to step down on September 2011 and 15% salary hike people of Egypt forced Hasni Mubark to step down from his royal position. The world has seen a severe revolts and violence in different west Asian countries like Tunisia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia etc.these developments triggered a pro - democratic waves across the Arab world, with the potential to transform the political order in the Middle East. A generation of marginalised youth came forward by a scrap in the face book demand political freedom, economic opportunity and above all a sense of human dignity. Millions of Youth came together and participated in massive agitations and demonstrations that ousted the Ben Ali kleptocracy in Tunisia and heralded the end of the Mubarak regime in Egypt. I think this waves will expand its spectrum to whole middle east and Africa soon. The most stunning that surprised every one is the agitation of women in Saudi Arabia against the inequity happens there. This is really a unique/unexpected movement. Men, women and children from all backgrounds, classes and levels of education cooperated in non-violent calls for change.
The confiscation of a street stall of Mohamed Bouazizi - a young Youth in Tunisia on 17 December by local authorities in his hometown triggered these protests in conservative and rural regions of Tunisia and gradually spread to the cities where they intersected with rising social tensions and anger at the escalating cost of food and basic services. Media, social networking websites and even military were acted as powerful transmitters. Atlast due to the continuous agitation and protests my people Ben Ali was forced to flee to Saudi Arabia on 14 January.
In extension to the developments in Tunisia, Demonstrations in Egypt started on 25 January with the organisation of a ‘Day of Anger’ in major cities. ‘Day of Rage’ overpowered the police and security services to burn the symbols of the regime across the country. People and groups coalesced behind Mohamed El-Baradei (the former head of the International Atomic Energy Agency and head of the National Association of Change) and demanded immediate political change. The outstanding feature of these revolution is the strategy they have adapted - Peace and Non - Violence, ‘March of the Millions’ on 1 February, millions were demonstrated in Cairo and demanded an immediate political transition and stepping down of Mubark. Mean while the pro-Mubarak's came up with violent attacks which inflicting more than 1200 casualties and deaths. But the anti Mubark's moved with the peaceful non-violent nature. Thanks to Mahatma Gandhi - his theory of Non - Violence and Truth. The people revealed that this strategy has power to rotate the regimes and world even in the modern era.
An article in name The Arab 1989? by Kristian Coates Ulricsen, David Held and Alia Brahmi in 11th February 2011in Open Democracy reports that
"The political contagion has spread throughout the Arab world although it is strongest in countries where authoritarian regimes have limited fiscal and monetary revenues to defuse popular frustration. In Jordan, rising inflation and high unemployment and poverty levels were causing significant hardship and anti-government feeling long before the outbreak of overtly political protests. These squeezed hardest the middle- and lower-income groups that formed the core of the Arab world’s wave of mobilisation. Jordan’s lively media and social networking sphere also differed markedly from the conservative and tribal composition of the parliament returned in elections boycotted by secular and Islamist opposition groups in November 2010. A generational clash emerged between young activists spanning the religious and ideological spectrum and the monarchy seeking to deflect their frustration onto the parliament. King Abdullah fired the government of Samir Al-Rifai and appointed an ex-army general in his place. This was a strategic move to de-link potential political opposition to the monarchy from economic discontent by channelling the blame for rising socio-economic unrest onto the technocrats. The monarchy also benefits from the split within Jordan between East Bank tribes and formerly-West Bank Palestinians, which represents a safety valve insulating it from a mass popular uprising on the Tunisian or Egyptian scale."
Ali Abdullah Saleh’s (Yemen, President ) controversial constitutional amendment in January 2011 made his the two-term presidential limit and cleared the way for him to run for re-election in 2013.But protestors’ took a pledge that Saeh would neither seek re-election nor transfer power to his son. So the autocracy of 32-year rule will come to an end soon. Report says that "65% of the population of the Middle East is under the age of 30 and are increasingly technology-savvy and adept at using new forms of communication to bypass state controls and mobilise around common issues or grievances. Bloggers in Egypt and Tunisia were instrumental in publicising and spreading accounts of torture and human rights violations by the security services. They emboldened people everywhere to band together and confront the regimes that had ruled with an iron fist. A decisive threshold has been crossed and, once opened, this Pandora’s Box will be almost impossible to re-seal. Nor, in the age of Twitter and Al-Jazeera providing live-streaming of events across the globe, is it possible for regimes to seal themselves off from the outside world while they take retribution on their opponents, as when the Syrian regime massacred thousands of its domestic opponents in Hama in 1982. Caught between the spotlight of instant global media and an energised and youthful social movement, these police states are being exposed as anachronistic, brittle and incapable of meeting the requirements of modern societies.Youth unemployment in Saudi Arabia, for example, is an estimated 43% for 20-24 year olds, and figures exceeding 30% are replicated across the Middle East. The result is dashed expectations for a generation of youth that are better educated and more aware of alternative pathways than ever. Regimes are endangered by the interlinking of socio-economic frustrations with a widespread belief that advancement under current conditions is impossible. One chant in Cairo’s Tahrir Square encapsulated the feelings of utter helplessness at the status quo: ‘We are prepared to die because we are already dead.’"
The terrorism and political anarchism and Islamism in Arab countries were negated the attitude of globe towards Middle East.UN as well as different International Community Organizations are supporting the movements to instate democracy in countries. Fearing about the developments in West Asia, many rulers of anarchy and nepotism announced some liberal decisions/ to get support from people. But I think this waves will engulf the whole world and which will be made a paradigm shift in the system.
The confiscation of a street stall of Mohamed Bouazizi - a young Youth in Tunisia on 17 December by local authorities in his hometown triggered these protests in conservative and rural regions of Tunisia and gradually spread to the cities where they intersected with rising social tensions and anger at the escalating cost of food and basic services. Media, social networking websites and even military were acted as powerful transmitters. Atlast due to the continuous agitation and protests my people Ben Ali was forced to flee to Saudi Arabia on 14 January.
In extension to the developments in Tunisia, Demonstrations in Egypt started on 25 January with the organisation of a ‘Day of Anger’ in major cities. ‘Day of Rage’ overpowered the police and security services to burn the symbols of the regime across the country. People and groups coalesced behind Mohamed El-Baradei (the former head of the International Atomic Energy Agency and head of the National Association of Change) and demanded immediate political change. The outstanding feature of these revolution is the strategy they have adapted - Peace and Non - Violence, ‘March of the Millions’ on 1 February, millions were demonstrated in Cairo and demanded an immediate political transition and stepping down of Mubark. Mean while the pro-Mubarak's came up with violent attacks which inflicting more than 1200 casualties and deaths. But the anti Mubark's moved with the peaceful non-violent nature. Thanks to Mahatma Gandhi - his theory of Non - Violence and Truth. The people revealed that this strategy has power to rotate the regimes and world even in the modern era.
An article in name The Arab 1989? by Kristian Coates Ulricsen, David Held and Alia Brahmi in 11th February 2011in Open Democracy reports that
"The political contagion has spread throughout the Arab world although it is strongest in countries where authoritarian regimes have limited fiscal and monetary revenues to defuse popular frustration. In Jordan, rising inflation and high unemployment and poverty levels were causing significant hardship and anti-government feeling long before the outbreak of overtly political protests. These squeezed hardest the middle- and lower-income groups that formed the core of the Arab world’s wave of mobilisation. Jordan’s lively media and social networking sphere also differed markedly from the conservative and tribal composition of the parliament returned in elections boycotted by secular and Islamist opposition groups in November 2010. A generational clash emerged between young activists spanning the religious and ideological spectrum and the monarchy seeking to deflect their frustration onto the parliament. King Abdullah fired the government of Samir Al-Rifai and appointed an ex-army general in his place. This was a strategic move to de-link potential political opposition to the monarchy from economic discontent by channelling the blame for rising socio-economic unrest onto the technocrats. The monarchy also benefits from the split within Jordan between East Bank tribes and formerly-West Bank Palestinians, which represents a safety valve insulating it from a mass popular uprising on the Tunisian or Egyptian scale."
Ali Abdullah Saleh’s (Yemen, President ) controversial constitutional amendment in January 2011 made his the two-term presidential limit and cleared the way for him to run for re-election in 2013.But protestors’ took a pledge that Saeh would neither seek re-election nor transfer power to his son. So the autocracy of 32-year rule will come to an end soon. Report says that "65% of the population of the Middle East is under the age of 30 and are increasingly technology-savvy and adept at using new forms of communication to bypass state controls and mobilise around common issues or grievances. Bloggers in Egypt and Tunisia were instrumental in publicising and spreading accounts of torture and human rights violations by the security services. They emboldened people everywhere to band together and confront the regimes that had ruled with an iron fist. A decisive threshold has been crossed and, once opened, this Pandora’s Box will be almost impossible to re-seal. Nor, in the age of Twitter and Al-Jazeera providing live-streaming of events across the globe, is it possible for regimes to seal themselves off from the outside world while they take retribution on their opponents, as when the Syrian regime massacred thousands of its domestic opponents in Hama in 1982. Caught between the spotlight of instant global media and an energised and youthful social movement, these police states are being exposed as anachronistic, brittle and incapable of meeting the requirements of modern societies.Youth unemployment in Saudi Arabia, for example, is an estimated 43% for 20-24 year olds, and figures exceeding 30% are replicated across the Middle East. The result is dashed expectations for a generation of youth that are better educated and more aware of alternative pathways than ever. Regimes are endangered by the interlinking of socio-economic frustrations with a widespread belief that advancement under current conditions is impossible. One chant in Cairo’s Tahrir Square encapsulated the feelings of utter helplessness at the status quo: ‘We are prepared to die because we are already dead.’"
The terrorism and political anarchism and Islamism in Arab countries were negated the attitude of globe towards Middle East.UN as well as different International Community Organizations are supporting the movements to instate democracy in countries. Fearing about the developments in West Asia, many rulers of anarchy and nepotism announced some liberal decisions/ to get support from people. But I think this waves will engulf the whole world and which will be made a paradigm shift in the system.
No comments:
Post a Comment